Erikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development

The epigenetic theory of maturation is most closely associated with Erik Erikson, a developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for his theory of psychosocial development. Erikson's theory is grounded in the concept of epigenesis, which refers to the process by which genetic information is expressed in an orderly sequence, influenced by environmental factors. In the context of psychological development, this theory suggests that personality develops in predetermined stages, each characterized by a specific psychosocial challenge or crisis.

Methods of Assessing Internal Consistency

 Internal consistency is a measure of the reliability of a psychological test or assessment, indicating how well the items on a test measure the same construct or concept. It is an important aspect of test validity, which refers to the degree to which a test accurately measures what it purports to measure.

Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory

Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory is a comprehensive model of human development that outlines how different environmental systems influence individual growth and behavior. According to this theory, there are five interlocking contextual systems, each nested within the other, which interact to shape human development. These systems are the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem.

Egan's Skilled Helper Model

Gerard Egan's Skilled Helper Model is a framework designed to guide counselors and therapists through a structured process to help clients effectively address and resolve their issues. The model is divided into three stages, each with specific goals and tasks, aimed at empowering clients to find their own solutions and develop their problem-solving skills.

Overview of Egan's Skilled Helper Model

The model consists of three main stages:

1. Exploration (Current Scenario)
2. Understanding (Preferred Scenario)
3. Action (Action Strategies)

Eysenck Personality Dimensions

Hans Eysenck's theory of personality is one of the most influential models in psychology, focusing on three primary dimensions of personality: extraversion-introversion, neuroticism-stability, and psychoticism. Eysenck proposed that these dimensions are rooted in biological bases and can explain a wide range of human behaviors.